Ultimate Load of Different Types of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Columns Attacked by Sulphate

N. Muhammed, L. Shihab, S. Sakin

Abstract


In this study, the effects of the partial immersion of sulphate attack on the ultimate load capacity of reinforced self-compacting concrete (SCC) columns and the sulphate attack resistance improvement using silica fume, steel fibres, and the combination of silica fume and steel fibres were assessed. Twelve short circular self-compacting reinforced concrete columns (0.150 m in diameter and 0.7 m long) were cast and divided into groups according to (1) the three acid-attack groups. The first group was tested without an acid attack (control). The second group was tested after 1 month of exposure to 2% acid. The final group was tested after 1 month of exposure to 4% acid and was then (2) subdivided according to the type of casted concrete. The first group was cast with SCC. The second group was cast with SCC and silica fume (0.1% of the cement weight). The third group was cast with SCC and 1% volume fraction steel fibres. The fourth group was cast with SCC silica fume and 1% volume fraction steel fibre. All columns were tested by axial loading. The ultimate load was increased by 42% with silica fume, 190% with steel fibres, and 238% with silica fume and steel fibres. Exposure to 2% and 4% acid reduced the ultimate loads of the columns casted with SCC by 23% and 47%, the columns casted with SCC and silica fume by 34% and 37%, the columns casted with SCC and steel fibres by 69% and 78%, and the columns casted with SCC, silica fume, and steel fibres by 72% and 79%, respectively. Based on the results, using silica fumes improved sulphate resistance, and using steel fibres enhanced sulphate resistance at an acceptable ratio. Furthermore, the mix with silica fume and steel fibres improved sulphate resistance at a good ratio. We encountered several problems in this study. The partial immersion of sulphate affected the strain in both concrete and steel. Future studies using different immersion ratios are recommended.

 

Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-10-04

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Reinforced Concrete; Sulphate Attack; Partially Immersing in Sulphate; Self-Compacting Concrete; Steel Fibre; Silica Fume.

References


Türkel, S., Felekoǧlu, B., & Dulluç, S. (2007). Influence of various acids on the physico-mechanical properties of pozzolanic cement mortars. Sadhana, 32(6), 683–691. doi:10.1007/s12046-007-0048-0.

Bassuoni, M. T., Nehdi, M., & Amin, M. (2007). Self-compacting concrete: Using limestone to resist sulfuric acid. Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers: Construction Materials, 160(3), 113–123. doi:10.1680/coma.2007.160.3.113.

Hewlett, P. C., & Liska, M. (2019). Lea’s chemistry of cement and concrete. Butterworth-Heinemann, Massachusetts, United States. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-6256-7.X5007-3.

Basheer, L., Kropp, J., & Cleland, D. J. (2001). Assessment of the durability of concrete from its permeation properties: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 15(2–3), 93–103. doi:10.1016/S0950-0618(00)00058-1.

Wang, J. G. (1994). Sulfate attack on hardened cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research, 24(4), 735–742. doi:10.1016/0008-8846(94)90199-6.

Makhloufi, Z., Kadri, E. H., Bouhicha, M., & Benaissa, A. (2012). Resistance of limestone mortars with quaternary binders to sulfuric acid solution. Construction and Building Materials, 26(1), 497–504. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.06.050.

Khitab, A., Arshad, M. T., Awan, F. M., & Khan, I. (2013). Development of an acid resistant concrete: a review. International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology, 4(2), 33-38.

Raki, L., Beaudoin, J., Alizadeh, R., Makar, J., & Sato, T. (2010). Cement and Concrete Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Materials, 3(2), 918–942. doi:10.3390/ma3020918.

Rasheed, L., Salih, S., & Hanash, Z. (2018). Behavior of normal reinforced concrete columns exposed to different soils. MATEC Web of Conferences, 162, 04018. doi:10.1051/matecconf/201816204018.

Nochaiya, T., Wongkeo, W., & Chaipanich, A. (2010). Utilization of fly ash with silica fume and properties of Portland cement-fly ash-silica fume concrete. Fuel, 89(3), 768–774. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2009.10.003.

Caballero, C. E., Sanchez, E., Cano, U., Gonzalez, J. G., & Castaño, V. (2000). On the effect of fly ash on the corrosion properties of reinforced mortars. Corrosion Reviews, 18(2–3), 105–112. doi:10.1515/CORRREV.2000.18.2-3.105.

Mohamed, A. F., Shafiq, N., Nuruddin, M. F., & Elheber, A. (2013). Effect of silica fume on the properties of steel-fibres reinforced self-compacting concrete. International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 7(10), 754-758. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1088572.

Huynh-Xuan, T., Do-Dai, T., Ngo-Thanh, T., Pham, T. M., & Nguyen-Minh, L. (2021). Effect of Sulfate Attack on Reinforced Concrete Columns Confined with CFRP Sheets under Axial Compression. Journal of Composites for Construction, 25(6). doi:10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0001151.

ANWAR, M., & Makhlouf, A. (2021). Performance of Fly Ash Concrete against Sulfate Attack. Journal of Engineering Sciences, 49(No 2), 178–197. doi:10.21608/jesaun.2021.53250.1024.

Selvan, S. (2021). Effect of Cement Composition in Concrete on Resisting External Sulfate Attack. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, XIII(4), 470–480.

Bektimirova, U., Sharafutdinov, E., Shon, C., Zhang, D., & Kim, J. (2020). Statistical Analysis of Sulfate Attack Resistance of Reactive Powder Concrete. XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. EBook of Proceedings. doi:10.23967/dbmc.2020.129.

Rasheed, L. S., Salih, S. A., & Hanash, Z. F. (2020). The of Polymer RC Columns Exposed to aggressive Soils. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 888(1), 12009. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/888/1/012009.

Uysal, M., & Yilmaz, K. (2011). Effect of mineral admixtures on properties of self-compacting concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 33(7), 771–776. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.04.005.

Phani, S.S., Seshadri, S.T., Rao, S., Sravana, & Sarik, P. (2013). Studies on Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Durability Properties of High Strength Self Compacting Concrete. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2(09), 98–104. doi:10.15623/ijret.2013.0209016.

Mhuder, W. J., & Chassib, S. M. (2020). Experimental study of strengthening of RC columns with steel fibres concrete. Materials Science Forum, 1002, 551–564. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1002.551.

Qasim, O. A. (2018). of Different Self-Compacted Concrete Mixes on Short Reinforced Concrete Columns. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 13(2), 1014-1034.

Mosleh Salman, M., & Abdul Ghani Zghair, L. (2018). of Self Compacting Concrete Subjected to Sulphuric Acid. Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2018(05), 01–09. doi:10.31272/jeasd.2018.5.1.

Dakshina Murthy N.R., Raaseshu D., Seshagiri Rao M.V. (2007). Studies on fly ash concrete under sulphate attack in ordinary, standard and higher grades at earlier ages. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering and Housing, 8(2): 203–214.

Liu, T., Zou, D., Teng, J., & Yan, G. (2012). The influence of sulfate attack on the dynamic properties of concrete column. Construction and Building Materials, 28(1), 201–207. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.036.

Neville, A. (2004). The confused world of sulfate attack on concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 34(8), 1275–1296. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.004.

Girardi, F., Vaona, W., & Di Maggio, R. (2010). Resistance of different types of concretes to cyclic sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate attack. Cement and Concrete Composites, 32(8), 595–602. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.002.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-10-04

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2022 Nura Jasim muhammed, Lina Sehab, Shaima Sakin

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
x
Message