Optimum Design for Controlling the Scouring on Bridge Piers
Vol. 5 No. 9 (2019): September
Research Articles
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The scouring around bridge pier can be considered the most important reasons of bridge failure. Therefore, we investigated by using physical models of piers and we used single pier with square collar , circular collar and interaction of two piers in laboratory channel, its width 1 m and applied three velocities (0.1, 0.08, and 0.07) m/sec. This experimental investigation was made to choose the optimum shape and location of collar of single pier and comparing it with the interaction of two piers, the results showed that both square and circular collar decrease the scour depth, but the square collar is more effective of reducing scouring and the best location at bed level for single pier, comparing the results of single pier with the interaction of two piers, the interaction of two piers without any countermeasure reduced scour depth about 58%.
Al-Shukur, A.-H. K., & Ali, M. H. (2019). Optimum Design for Controlling the Scouring on Bridge Piers. Civil Engineering Journal, 5(9), 1904–1916. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091381
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[1] Jalali, Seyed Kamran. "Prediction of clear water local scour at bridge piers." (2014).
[2] Anderson, Ian A., Mandar M. Dewoolkar, Donna M. Rizzo, and Dryver R. Huston. "Scour Related Vermont Bridge Damage from Tropical Storm Irene.” Structures Congress 2014 (April 2, 2014). doi:10.1061/9780784413357.046.
[3] Raleigh, Andrew. "How to mitigate the effects of scour on bridge piers through the use of combined countermeasures." (2015).
[4] Amini, Seyed Ata, Pezhman Taherei Ghazvinei, Shervin Motamedi, and Roslan Bin Hashim. Physical Modelling of Local Scouring at Complex Bridge Piers. IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia, 2016.
[5] Arneson, L. A., L. W. Zevenbergen, P. F. Lagasse, and P. E. Clopper. "Evaluating scour at bridges." (2012).
[6] Deng, Lu, and C. S. Cai. "Bridge Scour: Prediction, Modeling, Monitoring, and Countermeasures”Review.” Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 15, no. 2 (May 2010): 125–134. doi: 10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000041.
[7] Wang, Chen, X. Yu, and Fayun Liang. "A Review of Bridge Scour: Mechanism, Estimation, Monitoring and Countermeasures” Natural Hazards 87, no. 3 (March 27, 2017): 1881–1906. Doi: 10.1007/s11069-017-2842-2.
[8] Kumar, Virender, Kittur G. Ranga Raju, and N. Vittal. "Reduction of Local Scour around Bridge Piers Using Slots and Collars.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 125, no. 12 (December 1999): 1302–1305. doi: 10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1999)125:12(1302).
[9] Negm, Abdelazim M., Gamal M. Moustafa, Yasser M. Abdalla, and Amira A. Fathy. "Optimal shape of collar to minimize local scour around bridge piers." Proc. of IWTC13 (2009): 12-15.
[10] Jahangirzadeh, Afshin, S. Akib, Zubaidah Ismail, Babak Kamali, Mahshid Kakouei, and Arash Behnia. "Determination of rectangular collar dimensions for reducing scour around bridge pier." In Proceeding of the 6th International Conference on Scour and Erosion, vol. 2731. 2012.
[11] Ardeshiri, Amirreza Mohammadnezhad, and Mojtaba Saneie. "Experimental Study on Lozenge Collar Affection in Reduce Amount of Scouring Around Bridge Piers." Journal of River Engineering 2 (2014): 7-11.
[12] Jahangirzadeh, Afshin, Hossein Basser, Shatirah Akib, Hojat Karami, Sareh Naji, and Shahaboddin Shamshirband. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Different Shapes of Collars on the Reduction of Scour around a Single Bridge Pier.” Edited by Vanesa Magar. PLoS ONE 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2014): e98592. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098592.
[13] Chen, Su-Chin, Samkele Tfwala, Tsung-Yuan Wu, Hsun-Chuan Chan, and Hsien-Ter Chou. "A Hooked-Collar for Bridge Piers Protection: Flow Fields and Scour.” Water 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2018): 1251. doi:10.3390/w10091251.
[14] Khodashenas, Saeed Reza, Hossain Shariati, and Kazem Esmaeeli. "Comparison Between the Circular and Square Collar in Reduction of Local Scouring Around Bridge Piers.” Edited by A. Paquier and N. Rivière. E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 03002. Doi:10.1051/e3sconf/20184003002.
[15] Moncada-M, A.T., J. Aguirre-Pe, J.C. Bolívar, and E.J. Flores. "Scour Protection of Circular Bridge Piers with Collars and Slots.” Journal of Hydraulic Research 47, no. 1 (January 2009): 119–126. doi:10.3826/jhr.2009.3244.
[16] Vittal, Nandana, U. C. Kothyari, and Morteza Haghighat. "Clear"Water Scour around Bridge Pier Group.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 120, no. 11 (November 1994): 1309–1318. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1994)120:11(1309).
[17] Shrestha, Chij Kumar. "Bridge pier flow interaction and its effect on the process of scouring." PhD diss., 2015.
[18] Raleigh, Andrew. "How to mitigate the effects of scour on bridge piers through the use of combined countermeasures." (2015).
[19] Wang, Hao, Hongwu Tang, Quanshuai Liu, and Yao Wang. "Local Scouring Around Twin Bridge Piers in Open-Channel Flows.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 142, no. 9 (September 2016): 06016008. doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001154.
[20] Keshavarzi, Alireza, Chij Kumar Shrestha, Bruce Melville, Hadi Khabbaz, Mohsen Ranjbar-Zahedani, and James Ball. "Estimation of Maximum Scour Depths at Upstream of Front and Rear Piers for Two in-Line Circular Columns.” Environmental Fluid Mechanics 18, no. 2 (January 9, 2018): 537–550. doi:10.1007/s10652-017-9572-6.
[21] Garg, Vikas, Baldev Setia, and D. V. S. Verma. "Reduction of Scour around a Bridge Pier by Multiple Collar Plates.” ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 11, no. 3 (January 2005): 66–80. doi:10.1080/09715010.2005.10514802.
[22] Malik, Rahul, and Baldev Setia. "Local Scour around Closely Placed Bridge Piers.” ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (December 21, 2018): 1–8. doi:10.1080/09715010.2018.1559772.
[23] Wang, Hao, HongWu Tang, J.Feng Xiao, Yao Wang, and Sheng Jiang. "Clear-Water Local Scouring Around Three Piers in a Tandem Arrangement.” Science China Technological Sciences 59, no. 6 (April 1, 2016): 888–896. doi:10.1007/s11431-015-5905-1.
[24] Hasan FA. Experimental investigation of scour downstream combined structure of weir and gate. A Doctorate thesis, October 2015.
[25] Chiew, Y. M., and B. W. Melville. "Local Scour around Bridge Piers.” Journal of Hydraulic Research 25, no. 1 (January 1987): 15–26. doi:10.1080/00221688709499285.
[2] Anderson, Ian A., Mandar M. Dewoolkar, Donna M. Rizzo, and Dryver R. Huston. "Scour Related Vermont Bridge Damage from Tropical Storm Irene.” Structures Congress 2014 (April 2, 2014). doi:10.1061/9780784413357.046.
[3] Raleigh, Andrew. "How to mitigate the effects of scour on bridge piers through the use of combined countermeasures." (2015).
[4] Amini, Seyed Ata, Pezhman Taherei Ghazvinei, Shervin Motamedi, and Roslan Bin Hashim. Physical Modelling of Local Scouring at Complex Bridge Piers. IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia, 2016.
[5] Arneson, L. A., L. W. Zevenbergen, P. F. Lagasse, and P. E. Clopper. "Evaluating scour at bridges." (2012).
[6] Deng, Lu, and C. S. Cai. "Bridge Scour: Prediction, Modeling, Monitoring, and Countermeasures”Review.” Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 15, no. 2 (May 2010): 125–134. doi: 10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000041.
[7] Wang, Chen, X. Yu, and Fayun Liang. "A Review of Bridge Scour: Mechanism, Estimation, Monitoring and Countermeasures” Natural Hazards 87, no. 3 (March 27, 2017): 1881–1906. Doi: 10.1007/s11069-017-2842-2.
[8] Kumar, Virender, Kittur G. Ranga Raju, and N. Vittal. "Reduction of Local Scour around Bridge Piers Using Slots and Collars.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 125, no. 12 (December 1999): 1302–1305. doi: 10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1999)125:12(1302).
[9] Negm, Abdelazim M., Gamal M. Moustafa, Yasser M. Abdalla, and Amira A. Fathy. "Optimal shape of collar to minimize local scour around bridge piers." Proc. of IWTC13 (2009): 12-15.
[10] Jahangirzadeh, Afshin, S. Akib, Zubaidah Ismail, Babak Kamali, Mahshid Kakouei, and Arash Behnia. "Determination of rectangular collar dimensions for reducing scour around bridge pier." In Proceeding of the 6th International Conference on Scour and Erosion, vol. 2731. 2012.
[11] Ardeshiri, Amirreza Mohammadnezhad, and Mojtaba Saneie. "Experimental Study on Lozenge Collar Affection in Reduce Amount of Scouring Around Bridge Piers." Journal of River Engineering 2 (2014): 7-11.
[12] Jahangirzadeh, Afshin, Hossein Basser, Shatirah Akib, Hojat Karami, Sareh Naji, and Shahaboddin Shamshirband. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Different Shapes of Collars on the Reduction of Scour around a Single Bridge Pier.” Edited by Vanesa Magar. PLoS ONE 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2014): e98592. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098592.
[13] Chen, Su-Chin, Samkele Tfwala, Tsung-Yuan Wu, Hsun-Chuan Chan, and Hsien-Ter Chou. "A Hooked-Collar for Bridge Piers Protection: Flow Fields and Scour.” Water 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2018): 1251. doi:10.3390/w10091251.
[14] Khodashenas, Saeed Reza, Hossain Shariati, and Kazem Esmaeeli. "Comparison Between the Circular and Square Collar in Reduction of Local Scouring Around Bridge Piers.” Edited by A. Paquier and N. Rivière. E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 03002. Doi:10.1051/e3sconf/20184003002.
[15] Moncada-M, A.T., J. Aguirre-Pe, J.C. Bolívar, and E.J. Flores. "Scour Protection of Circular Bridge Piers with Collars and Slots.” Journal of Hydraulic Research 47, no. 1 (January 2009): 119–126. doi:10.3826/jhr.2009.3244.
[16] Vittal, Nandana, U. C. Kothyari, and Morteza Haghighat. "Clear"Water Scour around Bridge Pier Group.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 120, no. 11 (November 1994): 1309–1318. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1994)120:11(1309).
[17] Shrestha, Chij Kumar. "Bridge pier flow interaction and its effect on the process of scouring." PhD diss., 2015.
[18] Raleigh, Andrew. "How to mitigate the effects of scour on bridge piers through the use of combined countermeasures." (2015).
[19] Wang, Hao, Hongwu Tang, Quanshuai Liu, and Yao Wang. "Local Scouring Around Twin Bridge Piers in Open-Channel Flows.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 142, no. 9 (September 2016): 06016008. doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001154.
[20] Keshavarzi, Alireza, Chij Kumar Shrestha, Bruce Melville, Hadi Khabbaz, Mohsen Ranjbar-Zahedani, and James Ball. "Estimation of Maximum Scour Depths at Upstream of Front and Rear Piers for Two in-Line Circular Columns.” Environmental Fluid Mechanics 18, no. 2 (January 9, 2018): 537–550. doi:10.1007/s10652-017-9572-6.
[21] Garg, Vikas, Baldev Setia, and D. V. S. Verma. "Reduction of Scour around a Bridge Pier by Multiple Collar Plates.” ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 11, no. 3 (January 2005): 66–80. doi:10.1080/09715010.2005.10514802.
[22] Malik, Rahul, and Baldev Setia. "Local Scour around Closely Placed Bridge Piers.” ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (December 21, 2018): 1–8. doi:10.1080/09715010.2018.1559772.
[23] Wang, Hao, HongWu Tang, J.Feng Xiao, Yao Wang, and Sheng Jiang. "Clear-Water Local Scouring Around Three Piers in a Tandem Arrangement.” Science China Technological Sciences 59, no. 6 (April 1, 2016): 888–896. doi:10.1007/s11431-015-5905-1.
[24] Hasan FA. Experimental investigation of scour downstream combined structure of weir and gate. A Doctorate thesis, October 2015.
[25] Chiew, Y. M., and B. W. Melville. "Local Scour around Bridge Piers.” Journal of Hydraulic Research 25, no. 1 (January 1987): 15–26. doi:10.1080/00221688709499285.
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