Behaviour of Soft Clayey Soil Improved by Fly Ash and Geogrid under Cyclic Loading
Abstract
The effect of Cyclic loading on the foundation behaviour of many engineering structures presents more important and related to many problems in geotechnical engineering, Especially when construction on soft ground area which represent one of the major concerns in geotechnical engineering. This paper is conducted to investigate the influence of using several improving techniques as (fly ash, Geo-grid, fly ash and Geo-grid) on the behavior of soft clayey soil subjected to cyclic loading. A total of twenty four models have been tested which consists of a wide domain of boundary conditions, such as untreated model, Geo-grid reinforced models, fly ash treated models and models treated with fly ash incorporated with Geo-grid were conducted by varying parameters such as, footing elevations, test velocity and number of geogrid layers. The analysis demonstrates that the settlement behaviour of footing resting on treated models with fly ash and two Geo-grid layers perform better than other improving techniques. Also observed there was an increase in settlement, which corresponds to the increase in test velocity from 6 to 9 mm/sec. Furthermore, it was conducted that the more depth of footing the soil settlement decreases. In general, when other factors remaining constant, the bearing capacity of soil goes on increasing when the depth increased.
Keywords
References
Indraratna, Buddhima, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Brook Ewers, and Mark Adams. “Class A Prediction of the Behavior of Soft Estuarine Soil Foundation Stabilized by Short Vertical Drains Beneath a Rail Track.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 136, no. 5 (May 2010): 686–696. doi:10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000270.
Mohammed, S.A. "Cyclic Loading on Ring and Circular Footing Resting on Geocell Reinforced Sandy Soil ", M.Sc. Thesis, Civil Engineering Department, University of Technology, Iraq (2018).
Gangadhara, S., S. Vivek and Gurunath. “Experimental Study on Effect of Cyclic Loading on Geo grid Reinforced Plastic Mixed Sand.” Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical & Control System 10 (2018): 01-19.
Fattah, M. Y., Karim, H. H., and Al-Qazzaz, H. H. “A Cyclic Behavior of Footings on Dry Sand under Different Rates of Loading.” International Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 6 (2017): 240-253.
Ravichandra Honnalli and Rakaraddi, P.G. “Improvement of Bearing Capacity of Square Footing on Compacted Pond Ash with Reinforcement.” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 04, no. 07 (July 25, 2015): 472–476. doi:10.15623/ijret.2015.0407076.
Basavaraj Hotti, Rakaraddi, P. G., and Sudharani, K. “Behavior of Square Footing Resting on Reinforced Sand Subjected to Incremental Loading and Unloading.” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 18 (May 25, 2014): 67–75. doi:10.15623/ijret.2014.0318011.
Saisubramanian, R., V. Murugaiyan, and T. Sundararajan. “Studies on Characteristics, Applications and Strength Improvement of Marine Clay: A Review.” Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 07, no. 01 (2019): 93–106. doi:10.4236/gep.2019.71008.
Sridhar, R., and M. T. Prathap Kumar. “Effect of Number of Layers on Coir Geotextile Reinforced Sand Under Cyclic Loading.” International Journal of Geo-Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 11, 2018). doi:10.1186/s40703-018-0078-y.
Karim, H.H., Samuell, Z.W., and Khalis, H.K. “Iraqi gypseous soil stabilized by ordinary and encased stone columns.” International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology 6 (2016): 179-192.
Karim, H.H., Samuell, Z.W., and Khalis, H.K. “Performance of geosynthetic-reinforced gypseous soil.” International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Management Research. 4 (2017):73-85.
Abbawi, Z. W., ”Evaluation of improvement techniques for ballasted railway track model resting on soft clay”. Ph. D. Thesis, Building and Construction Engineering Department, University of Technology, Iraq. (2010).
ASTM C 618. “Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use as a mineral admixture in concrete.”, Annual Book of ASTM Standard (February 2001) 310. doi:10.1520/c0618-02.
Tawfiq, H. H., "Effect of uncertainties of sandy soil shear strength parameters on the reliability of foundations under cyclic loading", M.Sc. Thesis, Building and Construction Engineering Department, University of Technology, Iraq (2017).
Terzaghi, Karl. “Theoretical Soil Mechanics” (January 1, 1943). doi:10.1002/9780470172766.
Khan, M. A., Usmani A., Shah, S. S., and Abbas, H. “A Study of Multilayer Soil-Fly ash layered System under Cyclic Loading.” International Journal of Civil Engineering (2008): 73-89.
Das, B.M., and E.C. Shin. “Strip Foundation on Geogrid-Reinforced Clay: Behavior under Cyclic Loading.” Geotextiles and Geomembranes 13, no. 10 (January 1994): 657–667. doi:10.1016/0266-1144(94)90066-3.
Sudhakar, A. R., and Sandeep, M. N. “Incremental Cyclic Loading on Ring and Circular Footing Resting on Geocell Reinforced Sandy Soil.” International Journal of Advance Research 3 (April 2016): 52–56.
Zidan, A. F. “Numerical Study of Behavior of Circular Footing on Geogrid-Reinforced Sand under Static and Dynamic Loading.” Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 30, no. 2 (February 4, 2012): 499–510. doi:10.1007/s10706-011-9483-0.
Tejaswini B. R., Gangadara, S., Muddaraju, H. C., Bindiya K. “A Study on the Performance of Circular Footing Embedded In Geogrid Reinforced Flyash Beds under Cyclic Loading.” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 18 (May 25, 2014): 76–81. doi:10.15623/ijret.2014.0318012.
Choudhary, A.K., J.N. Jha, and K.S. Gill. “Laboratory Investigation of Bearing Capacity Behaviour of Strip Footing on Reinforced Flyash Slope.” Geotextiles and Geomembranes 28, no. 4 (August 2010): 393–402. doi:10.1016/j.geotexmem.2009.09.007.
DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091466
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 adel hani jassem
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.