Determining Root Cause of Construction Waste Generation: A Global Context
Vol. 4 No. 11 (2018): November
Research Articles
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Construction sector is one of the main sectors in contributing Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate in every developing country. The rapid growth of this sector directly produces a huge amount of construction waste. Hence, to find out the main root causes of the generation, this paper aimed to determine root causes of the construction waste generation in the construction sector. The research is carried out through triangulation technique (questionnaire survey and practitioner's validation). This technique is adopted to facilitate cross validation by analysing 38 articles and then the final results have been validated by construction practitioners. A total of 80 root causes were identified from 38 articles and the 5 main root causes determined have scored more than 50% out of the total number of articles. Finally, the result was validated and found out that 87.5% of construction practitioners agree with the findings. The agreed root causes are ‘Constant design changes', ‘Incorrect storage of materials', ‘Poor handling of materials', ‘Effect of weather' and ‘Mistakes while ordering from suppliers'. Therefore, these initial findings will be able to aid the construction practitioner (contractors, consultants and developers) to be aware of the root causes that is mostly causing construction waste generation.
Kaliannan, S., Nagapan, S., Abdullah, A. H., Sohu, S., & Jhatial, A. A. (2018). Determining Root Cause of Construction Waste Generation: A Global Context. Civil Engineering Journal, 4(11), 2539–2547. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091179
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[3] McGillivray, David, and Daniel Turner. "Event bidding: politics, persuasion and resistance". (August 23, 2017). doi:10.4324/9781315563367.
[4] Haufler, Virginia. "A public role for the private sector: Industry self-regulation in a global economy". Carnegie Endowment, 2013.
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[6] Bodog, M. "The concept of waste management". Analele universităŠ£ii din oradea, fascicula protecŠ£ia mediului, Vol. XIV 669–673. (2015).
[7] Kulatunga, U., R. D. G. Amaratunga, and R. Haigh. "Sources of construction material wastage in Sri Lankan sites."(1987).
[8] Nagapan, Sasitharan, Ismail Abdul Rahman, and Ade Asmi. "Factors contributing to physical and non-physical waste generation in construction industry." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 1, no. 1 (2012): 1-10. doi: 10.11591/ijaas.v1i1.476.
[9] Begum, Rawshan A., Siti K. Satari, and Joy J. Pereira. "Waste generation and recycling: Comparison of conventional and industrialized building systems." American Journal of Environmental Sciences 6, no. 4 (2010): 383. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.08.013.
[10] Rahim, M. H. I. A., N. Kasim, I. Mohamed, R. Zainal, N. Sarpin, and M. Saikah. "Construction waste generation in Malaysia construction industry: illegal dumping activities." In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 271, no. 1, p. 012040. IOP Publishing, 2017. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/271/1/012040.
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[12] Li, Hui, Liuqian Ding, Minglei Ren, Changzhi Li, and Hong Wang. "Sponge city construction in China: A survey of the challenges and opportunities." Water 9, no. 9 (2017): 594. doi:10.3390/w9090594.
[13] Duan, Huabo, and Jinhui Li. "Construction and demolition waste management: China's lessons." (2016): 397-398. doi: 10.1177/0734242X16647603.
[14] Xu W, Zhou M and Zhou W. Shenzhen landslide sounds alarm on construction waste. The China Daily, (2015).
[15] Wibowo, M. Agung, and Pinardi Koestalam. "Identification and analyze of influence level on waste construction management of performance." Procedia Engineering 125 (2015): 46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.11.008.
[16] Prajati, Gita, and Tri Padmi. "Projection of big cities waste management and cost based on economic and demographic factors in Indonesia." In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 97, no. 1, p. 012014. IOP Publishing, 2017. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/97/1/012014.
[17] Sunarjono, Sri, and Agus Riyanto. "Rekayasa pemanfaatan reclaimed asphalt pavement untuk preservasi konstruksi jalan." (2012).
[18] CPCB. Central pollution control: "Tool kit on construction & demolition waste management rules” (2017).
[19] Shrivastava, Sandeep, and Abdol Chini. "Construction materials and C&D waste in India." Lifecycle design of buildings, systems and materials (2009): 72.
[20] Napier, T. "Construction waste". America. (2016). doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381475-3.10015-4.
[21] Abarca-Guerrero, Lilliana, Ger Maas, and Hijmen van Twillert. "Barriers and motivations for construction waste reduction practices in Costa Rica." Resources 6, no. 4 (2017): 69. doi: 10.3390/resources6040069.
[22] Bank Negara Malaysia. "Developments in the Malaysian economy". pp 7-24. (2015).
[23] CIDB. "Country report". Korea: 22nd Asia construct conference. (2017).
[24] Mah, Chooi Mei, Takeshi Fujiwara, and Chin Siong Ho. "Construction and demolition waste generation rates for high-rise buildings in Malaysia." Waste Management & Research 34, no. 12 (2016): 1224-1230. doi: 10.1177/0734242X16666944.
[25] Rahman and Nagapan. "Causative factors of construction waste generation in Malaysia". Penerbit UTHM. (2015). ISBN 978-967-0764-02-3.
[26] Nagapan, Sasitharan, Ismail Abdul Rahman, Ade Asmi, Aftab Hameed Memon, and Imran Latif. "Issues on construction waste: The need for sustainable waste management." In Humanities, Science and Engineering (CHUSER), 2012 IEEE Colloquium on, pp. 325-330. IEEE, 2012. doi: 10.1109/CHUSER.2012.6504333.
[27] Yuan, H. P., L. Y. Shen, Jane JL Hao, and W. S. Lu. "A model for cost–benefit analysis of construction and demolition waste management throughout the waste chain." Resources, conservation and recycling 55, no. 6 (2011): 604-612. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.06.004.
[28] Lu, Weisheng, and Hongping Yuan. "A framework for understanding waste management studies in construction." Waste Management 31, no. 6 (2011): 1252-1260. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.12.004.
[29] Azis, Ade Asmi Abdul, Aftab Hameed Memon, Ismail Abdul Rahman, Sasitharan Nagapan, and Qadir Bux Alias Imran Latif. "Challenges faced by construction industry in accomplishing sustainablity goals." In Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA), 2012 IEEE Symposium on, pp. 630-634. IEEE, 2012. doi: 10.1109/ISBEIA.2012.6422966.
[30] Solid Waste Management and Public Cleansing Corporation. "Pengurusan sisa pepejal", (2015).
[31] Ulubeyli, Serdar, Aynur Kazaz, and Volkan Arslan. "Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Plants Revisited: Management Issues.” Procedia Engineering 172 (2017): 1190–1197. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.02.139.
[32] Köse, Ayaz, & Köroglu. "Waste management in Turkey. Performance audit report", 1(January), 82. (2007).
[33] Arslan, Hakan, Nilay Cosgun, and Burcu Salg. "Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Turkey.” Waste Management - An Integrated Vision (October 26, 2012). doi:10.5772/46110.
[34] Türkiye inşaat malzemeleri sektör görünüm raporu türkiye odalar ve borsalar birliği. (In English: Report of Turkey construction material sector outlook, the union of chambers and commodity exchanges of Turkey), 2011.
[35] Formoso, Carlos Torres, Eduardo Luís Isatto, and Ercilia Hitomi Hirota. "Method for waste control in the building industry." In Proceedings IGLC, vol. 7, p. 325. 2003. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.02.003.
[36] Heale, Roberta, and Dorothy Forbes. "Understanding Triangulation in Research.” Evidence Based Nursing 16, no. 4 (August 13, 2013): 98–98. doi:10.1136/eb-2013-101494.
[37] Bowen, Glenn A. "Document analysis as a qualitative research method." Qualitative research journal 9, no. 2 (2009): 27-40. doi: 10.3316/QRJ0902027.
[38] Noor, Raja Nor Husna Raja Mohd, Ahmad Ruslan Mohd Ridzuan, Intan Rohani Endut, Basir Noordin, Zayyana Shehu, and Abdul Halim Abdul Ghani. "The Quantification of Local Construction Waste for the Current Construction Waste Management Practices: A Case Study in Klang Valley.” 2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC) (April 2013). doi:10.1109/beiac.2013.6560110.
[39] Faniran and Caban. "Minimizing Waste on Construction Project Sites.” Engineering Construction and Architectural Management 5, no. 2 (June 1998): 182–188. doi:10.1046/j.1365-232x.1998.00044.x.
[40] Senaratne, Sepani, and Duleesha Wijesiri. "Lean construction as a strategic option: Testing its suitability and acceptability in Sri Lanka." Lean Construction Journal (2008). doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2832046.
[41] Gavilan, Rafael M., and Leonhard E. Bernold. "Source Evaluation of Solid Waste in Building Construction.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 120, no. 3 (September 1994): 536–552. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(1994)120:3(536).
[42] Ekanayake, L., and George Ofori. "Construction material waste source evaluation." (2000). doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.01.007.
[43] Polat, Gul, and Glenn Ballard. "Waste in Turkish construction: need for lean construction techniques." In Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction IGLC-12, August, Denmark, pp. 488-501. 2004.
[44] Alwi, Sugiharto, Keith D. Hampson, and Sherif A. Mohamed. "Waste in the Indonesian construction projects." (2002): 305-315.
[45] Garas, Gihan L., Ahmed R. Anis, and Adel El Gammal. "Materials waste in the Egyptian construction industry." Proceedings IGLC-9, Singapore 86 (2001).
[46] Alwi, Sugiharto, Keith D. Hampson, and Sherif A. Mohamed. "Non value-adding activities in Australian construction projects." (2002): 270-278.
[47] Nazech, E. M., Denanda Zaldi, and Bambang Trigunarsyah. "Identification of construction waste in road and highway construction projects." (2008): C07_02-1.
[48] Bossink, B. A. G., and H. J. H. Brouwers. "Construction Waste: Quantification and Source Evaluation.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 122, no. 1 (March 1996): 55–60. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(1996)122:1(55).
[49] Wahab, A. B., and A. F. Lawal. "An evaluation of waste control measures in construction industry in Nigeria." African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 5, no. 3 (2011): 246-254. doi: 10.4314/ejesm.v6i6.5S.
[50] Zhao, Ying, and David KH Chua. "Relationship between productivity and non-value-adding activities." In Proceeding of the 11th annual conference of the international group for lean construction, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. 2003. doi.org/10.1061/9780784481059.022.
[51] Wang, Jia-Yuan, Xiang-Ping Kang, and Vivian Wing-Yan Tam. "An investigation of construction wastes: an empirical study in Shenzhen." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 6, no. 3 (2008): 227-236. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.11.003.
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