Phases of Urban Development Impact on the Assessment of Thermal Comfort: A Comparative Environmental Study
Vol. 8 No. 5 (2022): May
Research Articles
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Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-05-08
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Musa, H. H., Hussein, A. M., Hanoon, A. N., Hason, M. M., & Abdulhameed, A. A. (2022). Phases of Urban Development Impact on the Assessment of Thermal Comfort: A Comparative Environmental Study. Civil Engineering Journal, 8(5), 951–966. https://doi.org/10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-05-08
[1] Taleghani, M., Tenpierik, M., & Van den Dobbelsteen, A. (2012). Environmental impact of courtyards-a review and comparison of residential courtyard buildings in different climates. Journal of Green Building, 7(2), 113–136. doi:10.3992/jgb.7.2.113.
[2] Ramadan, M. F. A. (2010). Interactive urban form design of local climate scale in hot semi-arid zone. Ph.D. Thesis, School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
[3] Brown, R. D. (2012). Book Review: Urban Microclimate: Designing the Spaces between Buildings. Urban Studies, 49(5), 1157–1159. doi:10.1177/0042098011435914.
[4] Md Meftaul, I., Venkateswarlu, K., Dharmarajan, R., Annamalai, P., & Megharaj, M. (2020). Pesticides in the urban environment: A potential threat that knocks at the door. Science of The Total Environment, 711, 134612. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134612
[5] Fahmy, M., & Sharples, S. (2009). On the development of an urban passive thermal comfort system in Cairo, Egypt. Building and Environment, 44(9), 1907–1916. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.01.010.
[6] Liu, N., & Morawska, L. (2020). Modeling the urban heat island mitigation effect of cool coatings in realistic urban morphology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 264, 121560. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121560
[7] Farhan, S. L., Abdelmonem, M. G., & Nasar, Z. A. (2018). The urban transformation of traditional city centres: Holy Karbala as a case study. Archnet-IJAR, 12(3), 53–67. doi:10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i3.1625.
[8] Hassan, A. K., & Yassin, S. M. Updating the urban plan of the status holy city center of Karbala. Iraqi Journal of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Special Issue (B), 321-333. (In Arabic).
[9] Alobaydi, D., Mohamed, H., & Attya, H. (2015). The Impact of Urban Structure Changes on the Airflow Speed Circulation in Historic Karbala, Iraq. Procedia Engineering, 118, 670–674. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.501.
[10] Al-Khateeb, A. A. (1988). Geomorphology of Karbala hill. Doctoral Dissertation, Collage of science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. (In Arabic).
[11] Awadh, S. M., & Ahmad, L. M. R. (2012). Climatic prediction of the terrestrial and coastal areas of Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 5(3), 465–469. doi:10.1007/s12517-010-0257-4.
[12] Alisawi, H. A. O. (2020). A sewer overflow mitigation during festival and rainfall periods: case study of Karbala. Applied Water Science, 10(12), 241. doi:10.1007/s13201-020-01323-y.
[13] Toudert, A. F. (2005). Dependence of outdoor thermal comfort on street design in hot and dry climate. Ph.D. Thesis, dissertation, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
[14] Ghaffarianhoseini, A., Berardi, U., & Ghaffarianhoseini, A. (2015). Thermal performance characteristics of unshaded courtyards in hot and humid climates. Building and Environment, 87, 154–168. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.001.
[15] Monam, A., & Rückert, K. (2013). The Dependence of Outdoor Thermal Comfort on Urban Layouts. In Young Cities – Developing Urban Energy Efficiency. Universitätsverlag der TU, berlin, Germany. doi:10.14279/depositonce-3701.
[16] Ozkeresteci, I., Crewe, K., Brazel, A. J., & Bruse, M. (2003). Use and evaluation of the ENVI-met model for environmental design and planning: an experiment on linear parks. Proceedings of the 21st International Cartographic Conference (ICC), Durban, South Africa, 10-16 August 2003, 402-409.
[17] Okpalike, C., Okeke, F. O., Ezema, E. C., Oforji, P. I., & Igwe, A. E. (2022). Effects of Renovation on Ventilation and Energy Saving in Residential Building. Civil Engineering Journal, 7, 124–134. doi:10.28991/cej-sp2021-07-09
[18] Eslamirad, N., De Luca, F., & Lylykangas, K. S. (2021). The role of building morphology on pedestrian level comfort in Northern climate. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2042(1), 12053. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012053.
[19] Tan, X., Liao, J., Bedra, K. B., & Li, J. (2022). Evaluating the 3D cooling performances of different vegetation combinations in the urban area. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 21(3), 1124–1136. doi:10.1080/13467581.2021.1903905.
[20] Li, G., Ren, Z., & Zhan, C. (2020). Sky View Factor-based correlation of landscape morphology and the thermal environment of street canyons: A case study of Harbin, China. Building and Environment, 169, 106587. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106587.
[21] Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Zhou, D. (2021). Knowledge map of urban morphology and thermal comfort: A bibliometric analysis based on citespace. Buildings, 11(10), 427. doi:10.3390/buildings11100427.
[22] Ridha, S. J. (2018). Effect of Aspect Ratio and Symmetrical Distribution on Urban Design in Baghdad City, and the Impact of Greenery Strategies on improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 151(1), 12035. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/151/1/012035.
[23] Pourshaghaghy, A., & Omidvari, M. (2012). Examination of thermal comfort in a hospital using PMV-PPD model. Applied Ergonomics, 43(6), 1089–1095. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2012.03.010.
[24] Ridha, S. (2017). Urban heat Island mitigation strategies in an arid climate. In outdoor thermal comfort reachable, Ph.D. Thesis, Civil engineering, national Institute of Applied Science of Toulose (INSA de Toulouse), Toulouse, France.
[25] Zheng, S., Guldmann, J. M., Wang, Z., Qiu, Z., He, C., & Wang, K. (2021). Experimental and theoretical study of urban tree instantaneous and hourly transpiration rates and their cooling effect in hot and humid area. Sustainable Cities and Society, 68, 102808. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2021.102808.
[26] Gherri, B., Maiullari, D., Finizza, C., Maretto, M., & Naboni, E. (2021). On the thermal resilience of venetian open spaces. Heritage, 4(4), 4286–4303. doi:10.3390/heritage4040236.
[2] Ramadan, M. F. A. (2010). Interactive urban form design of local climate scale in hot semi-arid zone. Ph.D. Thesis, School of Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
[3] Brown, R. D. (2012). Book Review: Urban Microclimate: Designing the Spaces between Buildings. Urban Studies, 49(5), 1157–1159. doi:10.1177/0042098011435914.
[4] Md Meftaul, I., Venkateswarlu, K., Dharmarajan, R., Annamalai, P., & Megharaj, M. (2020). Pesticides in the urban environment: A potential threat that knocks at the door. Science of The Total Environment, 711, 134612. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134612
[5] Fahmy, M., & Sharples, S. (2009). On the development of an urban passive thermal comfort system in Cairo, Egypt. Building and Environment, 44(9), 1907–1916. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.01.010.
[6] Liu, N., & Morawska, L. (2020). Modeling the urban heat island mitigation effect of cool coatings in realistic urban morphology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 264, 121560. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121560
[7] Farhan, S. L., Abdelmonem, M. G., & Nasar, Z. A. (2018). The urban transformation of traditional city centres: Holy Karbala as a case study. Archnet-IJAR, 12(3), 53–67. doi:10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i3.1625.
[8] Hassan, A. K., & Yassin, S. M. Updating the urban plan of the status holy city center of Karbala. Iraqi Journal of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Special Issue (B), 321-333. (In Arabic).
[9] Alobaydi, D., Mohamed, H., & Attya, H. (2015). The Impact of Urban Structure Changes on the Airflow Speed Circulation in Historic Karbala, Iraq. Procedia Engineering, 118, 670–674. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.501.
[10] Al-Khateeb, A. A. (1988). Geomorphology of Karbala hill. Doctoral Dissertation, Collage of science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. (In Arabic).
[11] Awadh, S. M., & Ahmad, L. M. R. (2012). Climatic prediction of the terrestrial and coastal areas of Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 5(3), 465–469. doi:10.1007/s12517-010-0257-4.
[12] Alisawi, H. A. O. (2020). A sewer overflow mitigation during festival and rainfall periods: case study of Karbala. Applied Water Science, 10(12), 241. doi:10.1007/s13201-020-01323-y.
[13] Toudert, A. F. (2005). Dependence of outdoor thermal comfort on street design in hot and dry climate. Ph.D. Thesis, dissertation, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany.
[14] Ghaffarianhoseini, A., Berardi, U., & Ghaffarianhoseini, A. (2015). Thermal performance characteristics of unshaded courtyards in hot and humid climates. Building and Environment, 87, 154–168. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.001.
[15] Monam, A., & Rückert, K. (2013). The Dependence of Outdoor Thermal Comfort on Urban Layouts. In Young Cities – Developing Urban Energy Efficiency. Universitätsverlag der TU, berlin, Germany. doi:10.14279/depositonce-3701.
[16] Ozkeresteci, I., Crewe, K., Brazel, A. J., & Bruse, M. (2003). Use and evaluation of the ENVI-met model for environmental design and planning: an experiment on linear parks. Proceedings of the 21st International Cartographic Conference (ICC), Durban, South Africa, 10-16 August 2003, 402-409.
[17] Okpalike, C., Okeke, F. O., Ezema, E. C., Oforji, P. I., & Igwe, A. E. (2022). Effects of Renovation on Ventilation and Energy Saving in Residential Building. Civil Engineering Journal, 7, 124–134. doi:10.28991/cej-sp2021-07-09
[18] Eslamirad, N., De Luca, F., & Lylykangas, K. S. (2021). The role of building morphology on pedestrian level comfort in Northern climate. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2042(1), 12053. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012053.
[19] Tan, X., Liao, J., Bedra, K. B., & Li, J. (2022). Evaluating the 3D cooling performances of different vegetation combinations in the urban area. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 21(3), 1124–1136. doi:10.1080/13467581.2021.1903905.
[20] Li, G., Ren, Z., & Zhan, C. (2020). Sky View Factor-based correlation of landscape morphology and the thermal environment of street canyons: A case study of Harbin, China. Building and Environment, 169, 106587. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106587.
[21] Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Zhou, D. (2021). Knowledge map of urban morphology and thermal comfort: A bibliometric analysis based on citespace. Buildings, 11(10), 427. doi:10.3390/buildings11100427.
[22] Ridha, S. J. (2018). Effect of Aspect Ratio and Symmetrical Distribution on Urban Design in Baghdad City, and the Impact of Greenery Strategies on improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 151(1), 12035. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/151/1/012035.
[23] Pourshaghaghy, A., & Omidvari, M. (2012). Examination of thermal comfort in a hospital using PMV-PPD model. Applied Ergonomics, 43(6), 1089–1095. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2012.03.010.
[24] Ridha, S. (2017). Urban heat Island mitigation strategies in an arid climate. In outdoor thermal comfort reachable, Ph.D. Thesis, Civil engineering, national Institute of Applied Science of Toulose (INSA de Toulouse), Toulouse, France.
[25] Zheng, S., Guldmann, J. M., Wang, Z., Qiu, Z., He, C., & Wang, K. (2021). Experimental and theoretical study of urban tree instantaneous and hourly transpiration rates and their cooling effect in hot and humid area. Sustainable Cities and Society, 68, 102808. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2021.102808.
[26] Gherri, B., Maiullari, D., Finizza, C., Maretto, M., & Naboni, E. (2021). On the thermal resilience of venetian open spaces. Heritage, 4(4), 4286–4303. doi:10.3390/heritage4040236.
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