Torsion Improvement of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Beams Using Epoxy Injection and CFRP

Asser Elsheikh; Ali S. Albo-Hassan; Sora K. Al-Zayadi

doi:10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-05

Authors

Asser Elsheikh 1) Department of Civil Engineering, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russia. 2) Structural Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura,, Egypt
Ali S. Albo-Hassan
theengali@yahoo.com
Department of Civil Engineering, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow,, Russian Federation
Sora K. Al-Zayadi Department of Civil Engineering, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow,, Russian Federation

Vol. 9 No. 11 (2023): November

Research Articles

Downloads

PDF

Abstract
How to Cite
Metrics
References
License

Few researchers have investigated the internal torsional reinforcement of box beams, So, this study aims to find out the possibility of adding a certain percentage of RCA to the NC mixtures, as well as verifying the success achieved in repairing the cracks that occurred as a result of torsion with CFRP or injecting with epoxy, which has not been addressed in previous research and literature reviews. This study reinforces reinforced SCC box columns subjected to complete torsion with CFRP sheets and epoxy resin injections. Four types SCC specimens (the first beam with 0%, the second beams with 33.3%, the third beams with 67.7%, and the fourth beams with 100% RCA by weight) were subjected to pure torsion until failure. The dimensions and reinforcement of every specimen are identical. In addition, the applied torque-twist angle relationship at the midspan and end span was investigated. Bending experiments were performed to establish load-deflection curves and assess failure modes. After structural rehabilitation, all beams exhibited increased rigidity values, according to the results. Epoxy resin and CFRP sheet contributed to the specimens' increased ultimate load. The ultimate strength of RCA beams strengthened with CFRP and injected with epoxy increased. The specimens' flexural strength was considerably enhanced by the combination of surface roughness and fracture injection, and the effectiveness of using RCA was very good; it could be replaced with NCA in concrete mixtures, according to the ratio and need.

Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-05

Full Text: PDF

Elsheikh, A., Albo-Hassan, A. S., & Al-Zayadi, S. K. (2023). Torsion Improvement of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Beams Using Epoxy Injection and CFRP. Civil Engineering Journal, 9(11), 2706–2724. https://doi.org/10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-05

Download Citation

[1] Tsiatas, G., & Robinson, J. (2002). Durability evaluation of concrete crack repair systems. Transportation Research Record, 1795(1795), 82–87. doi:10.3141/1795-11.
[2] ACI Committee 224.1R-93. (1993). Causes, evaluation, and repair of cracks in concrete structures. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Michigan, United States.
[3] ACI Committee 546R-96. (1996). Concrete repair guide. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Michigan, United States.
[4] Calder, A. J. J., & Thompson, D. M. (1988). Repair of cracked reinforced concrete: assessment of corrosion protection. No. 50, Transport and Road Research Laboratory (TRRL), Wokingham, United Kingdom.
[5] Minoru, K., Toshiro, K., Yuichi, U., & Keitetsu, R. (2001). Evaluation of Bond Properties in Concrete Repair Materials. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 13(2), 98–105. doi:10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2001)13:2(98).
[6] ACI Committee 440.2R-02. (2002). Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Michigan, United States.
[7] Karayannis, C. G., Chalioris, C. E., & Sideris, K. K. (1998). Effectiveness of RC beam-column connection repair using epoxy resin injections. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2(2), 217–240. doi:10.1080/13632469809350320.
[8] Seible, F., Priestley, M. J. N., Hegemier, G. A., & Innamorato, D. (1997). Seismic Retrofit of RC Columns with Continuous Carbon Fiber Jackets. Journal of Composites for Construction, 1(2), 52–62. doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(1997)1:2(52).
[9] Karayannis, C. G., & Sirkelis, G. M. (2008). Strengthening and rehabilitation of RC beam–column joints using carbon"FRP jacketing and epoxy resin injection. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 37(5), 769–790. doi:10.1002/eqe.785.
[10] Womach, K., Halling, M., & Moyle, R. (2000). Full scale testing of concrete beam–column joints using advanced carbon–fiber composites. Proceedings of Twelfth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 30 January- 4 February, Auckland, New Zealand.
[11] Ma, S., Bunnori, N. M., & Choong, K. K. (2016). Behavior of reinforced concrete box beam strengthened with CFRP U-wrap strips under torsion. MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, 47, 02002.
[12] Antonopoulos, C. P., & Triantafillou, T. C. (2003). Experimental Investigation of FRP-Strengthened RC Beam-Column Joints. Journal of Composites for Construction, 7(1), 39–49. doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2003)7:1(39).
[13] Imran, M., Shafiq, N., Akbar, I., & Ayub, T. (2012, June). A review of RC beams strengthened for flexure, shear and torsion loading. Conference or Workshop Item, ICCOEE2012, 12-14 June 2012, Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Malaysia.
[14] Al-Bayati, G., & Al-Mahaidi, R. (2013). Torsional strengthening of concrete members using CFRP composites: a state-of-the-art review. In Proceedings of the Fourth Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures (APFIS 2013), 11-13 December, 2013, Melbourne, Australia.
[15] El-HakimKhalil, A., Etman, E., Atta, A., & Fayed, S. (2015). Torsional strengthening of RC box beams using external prestressing technique. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 12(2), 30-41.
[16] Aghara, T., Sandeep, & Vora. (2017). Experimental and Analytical Study on Torsion Behavior of RC Beam Strengthened with GFRP Laminations. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development, 4(04), 870–872. doi:10.21090/ijaerd.63284.
[17] Kandekar, S. B., & Talikoti, R. S. (2018). Study of torsional behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with aramid fiber strips. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, 10(4), 465–474. doi:10.1007/s40091-018-0208-y.
[18] Aziz, A., & Hashim, O. (2018). Torsional strength evaluation of reinforced SCC box beams strengthened internally by opened and closed transverse concrete diaphragms. MATEC Web of Conferences, 162, 04009. doi:10.1051/matecconf/201816204009.
[19] Zhang, Y., Wang, L., & Li, X. (2022). Strengthening of overloaded PRC beams with the combination of CFRP laminates bonding and resin injection. Structures, 44, 72–83. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2022.08.002.
[20] Guim, L. F. F., de Lima, G. E. S., Veríssimo, G. de S., & Paes, J. L. R. (2023). Assessment of stiffness and structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams rehabilitated with CFRP and crack injection. Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais, 16(1), e16110. doi:10.1590/s1983-41952023000100010.
[21] Hussein Abdallah, M., & Hameed Aziz, A. (2018). Torsional Strength Enhancement of Reinforced SCC Box Beams Using Internal Transverse Steel Bracing Technique. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.20), 299. doi:10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.25943.
[22] Anbarlouie, M., Mahdikhani, M., Soraghi, A., Maleki, A., & Mohebi, B. (2023). Experimental characterization of repaired cracked RC beams which strengthened with different healing methods subjected to torsion load. Structures, 50, 1714–1725. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2023.02.110.
[23] Askar, M. K., Hassan, A. F., & Al-Kamaki, Y. S. S. (2022). Flexural and shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using FRP composites: A state of the art. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 17, e01189. doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01189.
[24] Hussein, A. N. (2022). Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Sustainable Concrete Beams Strengthened by CFRP and Steel Fibers. Master Thesis, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq.
[25] Md Nor, N., Mat Saliah, S. N., & Yahya, N. A. (2021). Performance of the Pre-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beam Repaired using CFRP and Epoxy Injection. Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 21(6), 1961–1972. doi:10.1007/s11668-021-01254-z.
[26] Ji, Y., Chen, Y., Yuan, B., Hu, X., & Qiao, Y. (2022). Repair of delamination-cracks in CFRP using CNT-containing resin pre-coating solution through capillary action. Composites Part C: Open Access, 9, 100330. doi:10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100330.
[27] EFNARC. (2002). Specification and guidelines for self-compacting concrete. European Federation of Specialist Construction Chemicals and concrete System, Flums Hochwiese, Switzerland.
[28] ACI 318-14. (2014). Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Michigan, United States.
[29] Iraqi specification IQ.S. No 45. (1980). Natural aggregate used in concrete. Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control, Baghdad, Iraq.
[30] Lima, G. E. S. D. (2017). Dynamic assessment of the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams subjected to the stiffness degradation. Master Thesis, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil. (In Portuguese).
[31] ASTM C39/C39M-01. (2017). Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens. ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States. doi:10.1520/C0039_C0039M-01.
[32] ASTM C496-96. (2017). Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens. ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States. doi:10.1520/C0496-96.
[33] ASTM C78-02. (2017). Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading). ASTM International, Pennsylvania, United States. doi:10.1520/C0078-02.
[34] Ekenel, M., & Myers, J. J. (2007). Durability performance of RC beams strengthened with epoxy injection and CFRP fabrics. Construction and Building Materials, 21(6), 1182–1190. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.020.
[35] Nikopour, H., & Nehdi, M. (2011). Shear repair of RC beams using epoxy injection and hybrid external FRP. Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, 44(10), 1865–1877. doi:10.1617/s11527-011-9743-8.
[36] Griffin, S., Askarinejad, H., & Farrant, B. (2017). Evaluation of Epoxy Injection Method for Concrete Crack Repair. International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, 6, 177–181. doi:10.18178/ijscer.6.3.177-181.
[37] ACI PRC-440.2-17. (2017). Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Structures. American Concrete Institute (ACI), Michigan, United States.

Publication Start Year:	2015
JCR 2023 Impact Factor (IF):	4.3
JIF QUARTILE:	Q1
SJR 2023 Quartile:	Q1
Acceptance Rate:	27%
Review Speed (Average):	76 days
Issue Per Year:	12
Number of Volumes:	10
Number of Issues:	107
Number of Articles:	1552
Number of Reviewers:	3417
Number of Contributors:	3604
Contributing Countries:	86
No. of WoS Citations:	7986
WoS h-index:	34
Scopus CiteScore:	7.0
No. of Google Citations:	17324
Google h-index:	47
Google i10-index:	393
Abstract Views:	5,819,908
PDF Download:	3,790,637

Torsion Improvement of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Beams Using Epoxy Injection and CFRP

Authors

Downloads

Login

Publisher and Affiliated Societies

Publisher & Affiliated Societies

Indexing & Abstracting

SidebarMenu

Journal Imprint

Journal Imprint

Journal Metrics

IndexedBy

Indexed In

Follow us

Follow Us

Most Cited Articles

Heavy Metal Removal Investigation in Conventional Activated Sludge Systems

Modeling of the Solar Thermal Energy Use in Urban Areas

Adsorption Behavior of Heavy Metal Ions by Hybrid Inulin-TEOS for Water Treatment

Application of Tuned Mass Dampers for Structural Vibration Control: A State-of-the-art Review

visitors

Analytics

Information

Address

Contact Info: