Effect of SBS Polymer and Anti-stripping Agents on the Moisture Susceptibility of Hot and Warm Mix Asphalt Mixtures
Vol. 3 No. 10 (2017): October
Research Articles
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The primary objective of this study is exploring the moisture susceptibility of unmodified and SBS-modified hot and warm mix asphalt mixtures. To this end, two different WMA additives including Aspha-min and Sasobit were employed to fabricate WMA specimens. The moisture susceptibility of warm polymer modified asphalt (WPMA) mixes was evaluated using modified Lottman test at 25°C according to AASHTO standard (T 283). In addition, the effect of different percentages of hydrated lime (from 0% to 2%) and Zycosoil (from 0% to 0.1%) as anti-stripping additives on the moisture susceptibility of the mixtures was explored. Based on the ITS test results, WPMA prepared with Sasobit additive and polymer modified asphalt (PMA) mixes satisfied the desirable tensile strength ratio (TSR) (above 80%) but Aspha-min WPMA mixes had TSR lower than 80%.
[1] Kilas, M.; Vaitkus, A.; and PaliukaitÄ—, M. "Warm Mix Asphalts research, analysis and evaluation", 10th international conference "Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”, 2010 Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, 2010
[2] Zaumanis, M.; and Haritonovs, V. "Research on properties of Warm Mix Asphalt". Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Construction Science, 11 (2010): 77-84.
[3] NCHRP, "Evaluation of the moisture susceptibility of WMA technologies”, TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 763, Washington DC.
[4] Zhang, J., Wang, J., Wu, Y., Sun, W., & Wang, Y. "Thermal behavior and improved properties of SBR and SBR/natural bitumen modified bitumens", Iranian Polymer Journal, 18(6) (2009): 465-478.
[5] Ping, P.E.; Xiao, Y. (2009). "Effects of aggregate gradation, aggregate type, and SBS polymer modified bitumen on Florida HMAC fracture energy properties (Report No. OMNI 021037)", Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University- Florida State University, Tallahassee.
[6] Yildirim, Y. "Polymer modified asphalt bitumen", Construction and Building Materials, 21 (2007):66–72.
[7] Lavin, P. "Asphalt pavements: A practical guide to design, production, and maintenance for engineers and architects", Spon Press, London, 2003.
[8] Kim, H.; Lee, S.J.; and Amirkhanian, S.N. "Influence of warm mix additives on PMA mixture properties", Journal of Transportation Engineering, 138(8) (2012): 991-997.
[9] Sengoz, B.; and Isikyakar, G. "Analysis of styrene-butadiene-styrene polymer modified bitumen using fluorescent microscopy and conventional test methods", Journal of Hazardous Materials, 150(2) (2008): 424-432.
[10] Johnston, J.B.; and King, G. (2008). "Using polymer modified asphalt emulsions in surface treatments", A federal lands highway interim report.
[11] Behnood, Ali, and Jan Olek. "Rheological properties of asphalt binders modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), ground tire rubber (GTR), or polyphosphoric acid (PPA)." Construction and Building Materials 151 (2017): 464-478.
[12] Yılmaz, Mehmet, Alaaddin Geçkil, and Baha Vural Kök. "Evaluation of the low temperature and elastic properties of crumb rubber and SBS modified bitumen and mixtures." (2013).
[13] Kok, Baha Vural, and Mehmet Yilmaz. "The effects of using lime and styrene–butadiene–styrene on moisture sensitivity resistance of hot mix asphalt." Construction and building materials 23.5 (2009): 1999-2006.
[14] Wei, Haibin, Ziqi Li, and Yubo Jiao. "Effects of Diatomite and SBS on Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixture." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017).
[15] Zaumanis, M. "Warm mix asphalt investigation", M.S. Thesis. Technical University of Denmark, 2010
[16] Anderson, R. M., Baumgardner, G., May, R., & Reinke, G. "Engineering properties, emissions, and field performance of warm mix asphalt technologies", Interim Report, 2008.
[17] Hurley, G.C.; and Prowell, B.D. "Evaluation of Potential Processes for Use in Warm Mix Asphalt", Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 75, 2006: 41-90.
[18] Xiao, F.; Wenbin Zhao, P.E.; and Amirkhanian, S.N. "Fatigue behavior of rubberized asphalt concrete mixtures containing warm asphalt additives", Construction and Building Materials, 23(10) (2009):3144-3151.
[19] Xiao, F.; Punith, V.S.; and Putman, B.J. "Effect of Compaction Temperature on Rutting and Moisture Resistance of Foamed Warm-Mix-Asphalt Mixtures", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 25(9) (2013):1344-1352.
[20] Kvasnak, A., Taylor, A., Signore, J., & Bukhari, S. "Evaluation of gencor green machine ultrafoam GX (NCAT Report 10-03)". Auburn, AL: National Center for Asphalt Technology, 2010.
[21] Liu, J., Saboundjian, S., Li, P., Connor, B., & Brunette, B. "Laboratory evaluation of Sasobit-modified warm-mix asphalt for Alaskan conditions", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 23(11), (2011):1498-1505.
[22] Rubio, M. C., Martínez, G., Baena, L., & Moreno, F. "Warm mix asphalt: an overview", Journal of Cleaner Production, 24, 2012:76-84.
[23] Xiao, F.; and Amirkhanian, S.N. "Effects of liquid antistrip additives on rheology and moisture susceptibility of water bearing warm mixtures", Construction and Building Materials, 24(9), (2010):1649-1655.
[24] Smith, B.S. "Design and construction of pavements in cold regions: state of the practice", M.S Thesis, Brigham Young University, 2006.
[25] Hurley, G.C.; and Prowell, B.D. "Evaluation of Aspha-Min zeolite for use in warm mix asphalt (NCAT report 05-04)", National Centre for Asphalt Technology, Auburn University, 2005.
[26] Hurley, G.C.; and Prowell, B.D. "Evaluation of Sasobit for use in warm mix asphalt (NCAT report 05-06)", National Centre for Asphalt Technology, Auburn University, 2005.
[27] Xiao, F., Zhao, W., Gandhi, T., & Amirkhanian, S. N. "Influence of anti-stripping additives on moisture susceptibility of warm mix asphalt mixtures", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 22(10), (2010):1047-1055.
[28] Khodaii, A., Khalifeh, V., Dehnad, M. H., & Hamedi, G. H. "Evaluating the effect of zycosoil on moisture damage of hot-mix asphalt using the surface energy method", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(2), (2013):259-266.
[29] Hesami, S., Roshani, H., Hamedi, G. H., & Azarhoosh, A. "Evaluate the mechanism of the effect of hydrated lime on moisture damage of warm mix asphalt", Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 47, (2013):935-941.
[30] Arabani, M.; Roshani, H.; and Hamedi, G.H. "Estimating moisture sensitivity of warm mix asphalt modified with Zycosoil as an antistrip agent using surface free energy method". Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 24(7), (2011):889-897.
[31] Xiao, F., Punith, V. S., Amirkhanian, S. N., & Thodesen, C. "Improved resistance of long-term aged warm-mix asphalt to moisture damage containing moist aggregates", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 25(7), (2012):913-922.
[32] Kavussi, A., Qorbani, M., Khodaii, A., & Haghshenas, H. F. "Moisture susceptibility of warm mix asphalt: a statistical analysis of the laboratory testing results", Construction and Building Materials, 52 (2014):511-517.
[33] Cortizo, M. S., Larsen, D. O., Bianchetto, H., & Alessandrini, J. L. "Effect of the thermal degradation of SBS copolymers during the ageing of modified asphalts", Journal of Polymer Degradation and Stability, 86(2) (2004): 275-282.
[34] Khodaii, A.; and Mehrara, A. "Evaluation of permanent deformation of unmodified and SBS modified asphalt mixtures using dynamic creep test", Construction and Building Materials, 23 (2009):2586–2592.
[35] The Asphalt Institute . "Mix design methods for asphalt concrete and other hot-mix types (MS-2)", 6th ed., Asphalt Institute, Lexington, 1997.
[36] Abraham, J., Butz, T., Hildebrand, G., & Riebesehl, G. "Asphalt flow improvers as' intelligent fillers' for hot asphalts-a new chapter in asphalt technology", Journal of Applied Asphalt Binder Technology, 2(1) (2002):36-69.
[37] Brits, C.H. "Sasobit investigation (Report No. 100035/S9/2004/11/05/CHB/Av/1). Geostrada Engineering Materials Laboratory", South Africa, 2004.
[38] Chowdhury, A.; and Button, J.W. "A review of warm mix asphalt", Report No. SWUTC/08/473700-00080-1, Texas Transportation Institute, the Texas A&M University System, College Station, 2008.
[39] AASHTO "AASHTO Designation T 283: Standard method of test for resistance of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) to moisture-induced damage", 2012.
[2] Zaumanis, M.; and Haritonovs, V. "Research on properties of Warm Mix Asphalt". Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Construction Science, 11 (2010): 77-84.
[3] NCHRP, "Evaluation of the moisture susceptibility of WMA technologies”, TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 763, Washington DC.
[4] Zhang, J., Wang, J., Wu, Y., Sun, W., & Wang, Y. "Thermal behavior and improved properties of SBR and SBR/natural bitumen modified bitumens", Iranian Polymer Journal, 18(6) (2009): 465-478.
[5] Ping, P.E.; Xiao, Y. (2009). "Effects of aggregate gradation, aggregate type, and SBS polymer modified bitumen on Florida HMAC fracture energy properties (Report No. OMNI 021037)", Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University- Florida State University, Tallahassee.
[6] Yildirim, Y. "Polymer modified asphalt bitumen", Construction and Building Materials, 21 (2007):66–72.
[7] Lavin, P. "Asphalt pavements: A practical guide to design, production, and maintenance for engineers and architects", Spon Press, London, 2003.
[8] Kim, H.; Lee, S.J.; and Amirkhanian, S.N. "Influence of warm mix additives on PMA mixture properties", Journal of Transportation Engineering, 138(8) (2012): 991-997.
[9] Sengoz, B.; and Isikyakar, G. "Analysis of styrene-butadiene-styrene polymer modified bitumen using fluorescent microscopy and conventional test methods", Journal of Hazardous Materials, 150(2) (2008): 424-432.
[10] Johnston, J.B.; and King, G. (2008). "Using polymer modified asphalt emulsions in surface treatments", A federal lands highway interim report.
[11] Behnood, Ali, and Jan Olek. "Rheological properties of asphalt binders modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), ground tire rubber (GTR), or polyphosphoric acid (PPA)." Construction and Building Materials 151 (2017): 464-478.
[12] Yılmaz, Mehmet, Alaaddin Geçkil, and Baha Vural Kök. "Evaluation of the low temperature and elastic properties of crumb rubber and SBS modified bitumen and mixtures." (2013).
[13] Kok, Baha Vural, and Mehmet Yilmaz. "The effects of using lime and styrene–butadiene–styrene on moisture sensitivity resistance of hot mix asphalt." Construction and building materials 23.5 (2009): 1999-2006.
[14] Wei, Haibin, Ziqi Li, and Yubo Jiao. "Effects of Diatomite and SBS on Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixture." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017).
[15] Zaumanis, M. "Warm mix asphalt investigation", M.S. Thesis. Technical University of Denmark, 2010
[16] Anderson, R. M., Baumgardner, G., May, R., & Reinke, G. "Engineering properties, emissions, and field performance of warm mix asphalt technologies", Interim Report, 2008.
[17] Hurley, G.C.; and Prowell, B.D. "Evaluation of Potential Processes for Use in Warm Mix Asphalt", Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 75, 2006: 41-90.
[18] Xiao, F.; Wenbin Zhao, P.E.; and Amirkhanian, S.N. "Fatigue behavior of rubberized asphalt concrete mixtures containing warm asphalt additives", Construction and Building Materials, 23(10) (2009):3144-3151.
[19] Xiao, F.; Punith, V.S.; and Putman, B.J. "Effect of Compaction Temperature on Rutting and Moisture Resistance of Foamed Warm-Mix-Asphalt Mixtures", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 25(9) (2013):1344-1352.
[20] Kvasnak, A., Taylor, A., Signore, J., & Bukhari, S. "Evaluation of gencor green machine ultrafoam GX (NCAT Report 10-03)". Auburn, AL: National Center for Asphalt Technology, 2010.
[21] Liu, J., Saboundjian, S., Li, P., Connor, B., & Brunette, B. "Laboratory evaluation of Sasobit-modified warm-mix asphalt for Alaskan conditions", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 23(11), (2011):1498-1505.
[22] Rubio, M. C., Martínez, G., Baena, L., & Moreno, F. "Warm mix asphalt: an overview", Journal of Cleaner Production, 24, 2012:76-84.
[23] Xiao, F.; and Amirkhanian, S.N. "Effects of liquid antistrip additives on rheology and moisture susceptibility of water bearing warm mixtures", Construction and Building Materials, 24(9), (2010):1649-1655.
[24] Smith, B.S. "Design and construction of pavements in cold regions: state of the practice", M.S Thesis, Brigham Young University, 2006.
[25] Hurley, G.C.; and Prowell, B.D. "Evaluation of Aspha-Min zeolite for use in warm mix asphalt (NCAT report 05-04)", National Centre for Asphalt Technology, Auburn University, 2005.
[26] Hurley, G.C.; and Prowell, B.D. "Evaluation of Sasobit for use in warm mix asphalt (NCAT report 05-06)", National Centre for Asphalt Technology, Auburn University, 2005.
[27] Xiao, F., Zhao, W., Gandhi, T., & Amirkhanian, S. N. "Influence of anti-stripping additives on moisture susceptibility of warm mix asphalt mixtures", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 22(10), (2010):1047-1055.
[28] Khodaii, A., Khalifeh, V., Dehnad, M. H., & Hamedi, G. H. "Evaluating the effect of zycosoil on moisture damage of hot-mix asphalt using the surface energy method", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(2), (2013):259-266.
[29] Hesami, S., Roshani, H., Hamedi, G. H., & Azarhoosh, A. "Evaluate the mechanism of the effect of hydrated lime on moisture damage of warm mix asphalt", Journal of Construction and Building Materials, 47, (2013):935-941.
[30] Arabani, M.; Roshani, H.; and Hamedi, G.H. "Estimating moisture sensitivity of warm mix asphalt modified with Zycosoil as an antistrip agent using surface free energy method". Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 24(7), (2011):889-897.
[31] Xiao, F., Punith, V. S., Amirkhanian, S. N., & Thodesen, C. "Improved resistance of long-term aged warm-mix asphalt to moisture damage containing moist aggregates", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 25(7), (2012):913-922.
[32] Kavussi, A., Qorbani, M., Khodaii, A., & Haghshenas, H. F. "Moisture susceptibility of warm mix asphalt: a statistical analysis of the laboratory testing results", Construction and Building Materials, 52 (2014):511-517.
[33] Cortizo, M. S., Larsen, D. O., Bianchetto, H., & Alessandrini, J. L. "Effect of the thermal degradation of SBS copolymers during the ageing of modified asphalts", Journal of Polymer Degradation and Stability, 86(2) (2004): 275-282.
[34] Khodaii, A.; and Mehrara, A. "Evaluation of permanent deformation of unmodified and SBS modified asphalt mixtures using dynamic creep test", Construction and Building Materials, 23 (2009):2586–2592.
[35] The Asphalt Institute . "Mix design methods for asphalt concrete and other hot-mix types (MS-2)", 6th ed., Asphalt Institute, Lexington, 1997.
[36] Abraham, J., Butz, T., Hildebrand, G., & Riebesehl, G. "Asphalt flow improvers as' intelligent fillers' for hot asphalts-a new chapter in asphalt technology", Journal of Applied Asphalt Binder Technology, 2(1) (2002):36-69.
[37] Brits, C.H. "Sasobit investigation (Report No. 100035/S9/2004/11/05/CHB/Av/1). Geostrada Engineering Materials Laboratory", South Africa, 2004.
[38] Chowdhury, A.; and Button, J.W. "A review of warm mix asphalt", Report No. SWUTC/08/473700-00080-1, Texas Transportation Institute, the Texas A&M University System, College Station, 2008.
[39] AASHTO "AASHTO Designation T 283: Standard method of test for resistance of compacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) to moisture-induced damage", 2012.
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