Land Procurement for Public Interest Against Destroyed Land: Natural Events and Legal Certainty
Vol. 8 No. 6 (2022): June
Research Articles
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Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-06-06
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[1] Sari, E., Yamin, M., Purba, H., & Sembiring, R. (2021). Compensation for Damaged Land: Comparative Study between Indonesia and Japan. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Law, Economic, Governance, ICOLEG 2021, 29-30 June 2021, Semarang, Indonesia. doi:10.4108/eai.29-6-2021.2312610.
[2] Rifai, A., Fathoni, M. I., & Hartiwiningsih. (2019). Legal Protection for Land Holders. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (ICILS 2019). doi:10.2991/icils-19.2019.33.
[3] Utami, W, S. (2021). Land Procurement in Indonesia and Several Countries from Time to Time. STPN Press, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. (In Indonesian). Available online: http://pppm.stpn.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Pengadaan-tanah-di-Indonesia-dan-beberapa-negara_komplet.pdf (accessed on May 2022).
[4] Lu, H., Zhang, P., Hu, H., Xie, H., Yu, Z., & Chen, S. (2019). Effect of the grain-growing purpose and farm size on the ability of stable land property rights to encourage farmers to apply organic fertilizers. Journal of environmental management, 251, 109621. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109621.
[5] Singer, J. (2008). Chapter 3. Property and Social Relations. Entitlement: The Paradoxes of Property, 95-139. New Haven: Yale University Press, New Haven, United States. doi:10.12987/9780300128543-005.
[6] Waldron, J. (2004). Property and ownership. Summer 2021 Edition, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Archive. California, United States.
[7] Demsetz, H. (1974). Toward a Theory of Property Rights. Classic Papers in Natural Resource Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London, United Kingdom. doi:10.1057/9780230523210_9.
[8] Butt, S., & Lindsey, T. (2008). Economic reform when the constitution matters: Indonesia's constitutional court and article33. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 44(2), 239–262. doi:10.1080/00074910802169004.
[9] Erwiningsih, W. (2009). Implementation of regulation of state control rights over land according to the 1945 constitution. Ph.D. Thesis, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. (In Indonesian). Available online: https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/9402 (accessed on February 2022).
[10] Wang, J., Gao, W., Xu, S., & Yu, L. (2012). Evaluation of the combined risk of sea level rise, land subsidence, and storm surges on the coastal areas of Shanghai, China. Climatic Change, 115(3–4), 537–558. doi:10.1007/s10584-012-0468-7.
[11] Marfai, M. A., & King, L. (2007). Monitoring land subsidence in Semarang, Indonesia. Environmental Geology, 53(3), 651–659. doi:10.1007/s00254-007-0680-3.
[12] Marfai, M. A., & King, L. (2008). Tidal inundation mapping under enhanced land subsidence in Semarang, Central Java Indonesia. Natural Hazards, 44(1), 93–109. doi:10.1007/s11069-007-9144-z.
[13] Rodolfo, K. S., & Siringan, F. P. (2006). Global sea-level rise is recognised, but flooding from anthropogenic land subsidence is ignored around northern Manila Bay, Philippines. Disasters, 30(1), 118–139. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9523.2006.00310.x.
[14] Belperio, A. P. (1993). Land subsidence and sea level rise in the port adelaide estuary: Implications for monitoring the greenhouse effect. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40(4), 359–368. doi:10.1080/08120099308728087.
[15] Taniguchi, M. (2011). Groundwater and subsurface environments: Human impacts in Asian coastal cities. Springer, Tokyo, Japan. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53904-9.
[16] Ghazal, A. I., El-Sheikh, M. Y., & Abd El-Rahim, A. H. (2021). Effects of Seawater on Setting Time and Compressive Strength of Concretes with Different Richness. Civil Engineering Journal, 7(5), 857-865. doi:10.28991/cej-2021-03091695.
[17] Hamdani, R. S., Hadi, S. P., & Rudiarto, I. (2021). Progress or regress? A systematic review on two decades of monitoring and addressing land subsidence hazards in Semarang city. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(24). doi:10.3390/su132413755.
[18] Wiryani, F., & Najih, M. (2021). The criticism of land procurement law to improve landowners welfare in Indonesia. Sriwijaya Law Review, 5(2), 175–191. doi:10.28946/slrev.Vol5.Iss2.1073.pp175-191.
[19] Sari, E. (2021). Comparison of Land Law Systems: A Study on Compensation Arrangements and Reappraisal of Land Acquisition for Public Interest between Indonesia and Malaysia. International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 10, 872–880. doi:10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.103.
[20] Sari, E., Yamin, M., Purba, H., & Sembiring, R. (2022). Legal Politics of Land Procurement against Abraded Land after the Enforcement of the Job Creation Act. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 7(1), 50-67. (In Indonesian).
[21] Menkel-Meadow, C. (2019). Uses and abuses of socio-legal studies. Routledge Handbook of Socio-Legal Theory and Methods (1st Ed.), 35-75, Routledge, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. doi:10.4324/9780429952814-3.
[22] Feenan, D. (2013). Exploring the ‘Socio' of Socio-Legal Studies. Exploring the ‘Socio' of Socio-Legal Studies. Palgrave Macmillan Socio-Legal Studies. Palgrave, London, United Kingdom. doi:10.1007/978-1-137-31463-5_1.
[23] Wheeler, S., & Thomas, P. A. (2000). Socio-legal studies. Law (s) Futures (pp. 267-279). Hart Publishing, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
[24] Wiratraman, H. P. (2019). The Challenges of Teaching Comparative Law and Socio-Legal Studies at Indonesia's Law Schools. Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 14(S1), S229-S244. doi:10.1017/ASJCL.2019.15.
[25] Schiff, D. N. (1976). Socio"Legal Theory: Social Structure and Law. The Modern Law Review, 39(3), 287–310. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1976.tb01458.x.
[26] Carlen, P. (1972). The sociology of law. Current Sociology, 20(3), 13–48. doi:10.1177/001139217202000302.
[27] Kumar, S., & Moore, K. B. (2002). The Evolution of Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 11(1), 59–80. doi:10.1023/A:1013999415003.
[28] Shrestha, H. L. (2006). Using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Participatory Mapping of Community Forest in NEPAL. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 25(1), 1–11. doi:10.1002/j.1681-4835.2006.tb00166.x.
[29] Webster, T. M., & Cardina, J. (1997). Accuracy of a global positioning system (GPS) for weed mapping. Weed Technology, 11(4), 782–786. doi:10.1017/s0890037x00043438.
[30] Martono, D. B., Aditya, T., Subaryono, S., & Nugroho, P. (2021). The Legal Element of Fixing the Boundary for Indonesian Complete Cadastre. Land, 10(1), 49. doi:10.3390/land10010049.
[31] Mimura, N. (2013). Sea-level rise caused by climate change and its implications for society. Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B: Physical and Biological Sciences, 89(7), 281–301. doi:10.2183/pjab.89.281.
[32] Werner, A. D., Bakker, M., Post, V. E. A., Vandenbohede, A., Lu, C., Ataie-Ashtiani, B., Simmons, C. T., & Barry, D. A. (2013). Seawater intrusion processes, investigation and management: Recent advances and future challenges. Advances in Water Resources, 51, 3–26. doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.004.
[33] Langevin, C. D., & Zygnerski, M. (2013). Effect of sea-level rise on salt water intrusion near a coastal well field in Southeastern Florida. Groundwater, 51(5), 781–803. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01008.x.
[34] Knowles, A. K., & Hillier, A. (2008). Placing history: how maps, spatial data, and GIS are changing historical scholarship. ESRI Press, California, United States.
[35] Enemark, S., Bell, K. C., Lemmen, C., & McLaren, R. (2014). Fit-for-purpose land administration. International Federation of Surveyors, Kopenhagen, Denmark.
[36] Huang, B., Zhao, B., & Song, Y. (2018). Urban land-use mapping using a deep convolutional neural network with high spatial resolution multispectral remote sensing imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 214, 73–86. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2018.04.050.
[37] Appeaning Addo, K., Jayson-Quashigah, P. N., Codjoe, S. N. A., & Martey, F. (2018). Drone as a tool for coastal flood monitoring in the Volta Delta, Ghana. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 5(1). doi:10.1186/s40677-018-0108-2.
[38] Clark, D. G., Ford, J. D., & Tabish, T. (2018). What role can unmanned aerial vehicles play in emergency response in the Arctic: A case study from Canada. PLoS ONE, 13(12). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205299.
[39] Zanutta, A., Lambertini, A., & Vittuari, L. (2020). UAV photogrammetry and ground surveys as a mapping tool for quickly monitoring shoreline and beach changes. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8(1). doi:10.3390/JMSE8010052.
[40] Doughty, C. L., & Cavanaugh, K. C. (2019). Mapping coastal wetland biomass from high resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. Remote Sensing, 11(5). doi:10.3390/rs11050540.
[41] Casella, E., Drechsel, J., Winter, C., Benninghoff, M., & Rovere, A. (2020). Accuracy of sand beach topography surveying by drones and photogrammetry. Geo-Marine Letters, 40(2), 255–268. doi:10.1007/s00367-020-00638-8.
[42] Scarelli, F. M., Sistilli, F., Fabbri, S., Cantelli, L., Barboza, E. G., & Gabbianelli, G. (2017). Seasonal dune and beach monitoring using photogrammetry from UAV surveys to apply in the ICZM on the Ravenna coast (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 7, 27–39. doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2017.06.003.
[43] Hiep, N. T., Tanaka, H., & Tinh, N. X. (2021). Morphology recovery of the Abukuma River mouth after the 2011 Tohoku tsunami under the interaction between sand spit and sand terrace. Coastal Engineering Journal, 63(4), 467–484. doi:10.1080/21664250.2021.1937902.
[44] Harwitasari, D., & van Ast, J. A. (2011). Climate change adaptation in practice: People's responses to tidal flooding in Semarang, Indonesia. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 4(3), 216–233. doi:10.1111/j.1753-318X.2011.01104.x.
[45] Bott, L. M., Schöne, T., Illigner, J., Haghshenas Haghighi, M., Gisevius, K., & Braun, B. (2021). Land subsidence in Jakarta and Semarang Bay – The relationship between physical processes, risk perception, and household adaptation. Ocean and Coastal Management, 211(105775). doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105775.
[46] Kirezci, E., Young, I. R., Ranasinghe, R., Muis, S., Nicholls, R. J., Lincke, D., & Hinkel, J. (2020). Projections of global-scale extreme sea levels and resulting episodic coastal flooding over the 21st Century. Scientific Reports, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67736-6.
[47] Kulp, S. A., & Strauss, B. H. (2019). New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding. Nature Communications, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z.
[48] Esteban, M., Takagi, H., Jamero, L., Chadwick, C., Avelino, J. E., Mikami, T., ... Shibayama, T. (2020). Adaptation to sea level rise: Learning from present examples of land subsidence. Ocean & Coastal Management, 189, 104852. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104852.
[49] Abidin, H. Z., Andreas, H., Gumilar, I., Sidiq, T. P., & Fukuda, Y. (2013). Land subsidence in coastal city of Semarang (Indonesia): Characteristics, impacts and causes. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 4(3), 226–240. doi:10.1080/19475705.2012.692336.
[50] Nurhidayah, L. (2021). Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and Its Implication on Human Security and Human Rights in Indonesia: A Legal Analysis. Climate Change Research, Policy and Actions in Indonesia. Springer Climate. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8_3.
[51] Buchori, I., Pramitasari, A., Sugiri, A., Maryono, M., Basuki, Y., & Sejati, A. W. (2018). Adaptation to coastal flooding and inundation: Mitigations and migration pattern in Semarang City, Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management, 163, 445–455. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.07.017.
[2] Rifai, A., Fathoni, M. I., & Hartiwiningsih. (2019). Legal Protection for Land Holders. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (ICILS 2019). doi:10.2991/icils-19.2019.33.
[3] Utami, W, S. (2021). Land Procurement in Indonesia and Several Countries from Time to Time. STPN Press, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. (In Indonesian). Available online: http://pppm.stpn.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Pengadaan-tanah-di-Indonesia-dan-beberapa-negara_komplet.pdf (accessed on May 2022).
[4] Lu, H., Zhang, P., Hu, H., Xie, H., Yu, Z., & Chen, S. (2019). Effect of the grain-growing purpose and farm size on the ability of stable land property rights to encourage farmers to apply organic fertilizers. Journal of environmental management, 251, 109621. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109621.
[5] Singer, J. (2008). Chapter 3. Property and Social Relations. Entitlement: The Paradoxes of Property, 95-139. New Haven: Yale University Press, New Haven, United States. doi:10.12987/9780300128543-005.
[6] Waldron, J. (2004). Property and ownership. Summer 2021 Edition, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Archive. California, United States.
[7] Demsetz, H. (1974). Toward a Theory of Property Rights. Classic Papers in Natural Resource Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London, United Kingdom. doi:10.1057/9780230523210_9.
[8] Butt, S., & Lindsey, T. (2008). Economic reform when the constitution matters: Indonesia's constitutional court and article33. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 44(2), 239–262. doi:10.1080/00074910802169004.
[9] Erwiningsih, W. (2009). Implementation of regulation of state control rights over land according to the 1945 constitution. Ph.D. Thesis, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. (In Indonesian). Available online: https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/9402 (accessed on February 2022).
[10] Wang, J., Gao, W., Xu, S., & Yu, L. (2012). Evaluation of the combined risk of sea level rise, land subsidence, and storm surges on the coastal areas of Shanghai, China. Climatic Change, 115(3–4), 537–558. doi:10.1007/s10584-012-0468-7.
[11] Marfai, M. A., & King, L. (2007). Monitoring land subsidence in Semarang, Indonesia. Environmental Geology, 53(3), 651–659. doi:10.1007/s00254-007-0680-3.
[12] Marfai, M. A., & King, L. (2008). Tidal inundation mapping under enhanced land subsidence in Semarang, Central Java Indonesia. Natural Hazards, 44(1), 93–109. doi:10.1007/s11069-007-9144-z.
[13] Rodolfo, K. S., & Siringan, F. P. (2006). Global sea-level rise is recognised, but flooding from anthropogenic land subsidence is ignored around northern Manila Bay, Philippines. Disasters, 30(1), 118–139. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9523.2006.00310.x.
[14] Belperio, A. P. (1993). Land subsidence and sea level rise in the port adelaide estuary: Implications for monitoring the greenhouse effect. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40(4), 359–368. doi:10.1080/08120099308728087.
[15] Taniguchi, M. (2011). Groundwater and subsurface environments: Human impacts in Asian coastal cities. Springer, Tokyo, Japan. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53904-9.
[16] Ghazal, A. I., El-Sheikh, M. Y., & Abd El-Rahim, A. H. (2021). Effects of Seawater on Setting Time and Compressive Strength of Concretes with Different Richness. Civil Engineering Journal, 7(5), 857-865. doi:10.28991/cej-2021-03091695.
[17] Hamdani, R. S., Hadi, S. P., & Rudiarto, I. (2021). Progress or regress? A systematic review on two decades of monitoring and addressing land subsidence hazards in Semarang city. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(24). doi:10.3390/su132413755.
[18] Wiryani, F., & Najih, M. (2021). The criticism of land procurement law to improve landowners welfare in Indonesia. Sriwijaya Law Review, 5(2), 175–191. doi:10.28946/slrev.Vol5.Iss2.1073.pp175-191.
[19] Sari, E. (2021). Comparison of Land Law Systems: A Study on Compensation Arrangements and Reappraisal of Land Acquisition for Public Interest between Indonesia and Malaysia. International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 10, 872–880. doi:10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.103.
[20] Sari, E., Yamin, M., Purba, H., & Sembiring, R. (2022). Legal Politics of Land Procurement against Abraded Land after the Enforcement of the Job Creation Act. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 7(1), 50-67. (In Indonesian).
[21] Menkel-Meadow, C. (2019). Uses and abuses of socio-legal studies. Routledge Handbook of Socio-Legal Theory and Methods (1st Ed.), 35-75, Routledge, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. doi:10.4324/9780429952814-3.
[22] Feenan, D. (2013). Exploring the ‘Socio' of Socio-Legal Studies. Exploring the ‘Socio' of Socio-Legal Studies. Palgrave Macmillan Socio-Legal Studies. Palgrave, London, United Kingdom. doi:10.1007/978-1-137-31463-5_1.
[23] Wheeler, S., & Thomas, P. A. (2000). Socio-legal studies. Law (s) Futures (pp. 267-279). Hart Publishing, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
[24] Wiratraman, H. P. (2019). The Challenges of Teaching Comparative Law and Socio-Legal Studies at Indonesia's Law Schools. Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 14(S1), S229-S244. doi:10.1017/ASJCL.2019.15.
[25] Schiff, D. N. (1976). Socio"Legal Theory: Social Structure and Law. The Modern Law Review, 39(3), 287–310. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1976.tb01458.x.
[26] Carlen, P. (1972). The sociology of law. Current Sociology, 20(3), 13–48. doi:10.1177/001139217202000302.
[27] Kumar, S., & Moore, K. B. (2002). The Evolution of Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 11(1), 59–80. doi:10.1023/A:1013999415003.
[28] Shrestha, H. L. (2006). Using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Participatory Mapping of Community Forest in NEPAL. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 25(1), 1–11. doi:10.1002/j.1681-4835.2006.tb00166.x.
[29] Webster, T. M., & Cardina, J. (1997). Accuracy of a global positioning system (GPS) for weed mapping. Weed Technology, 11(4), 782–786. doi:10.1017/s0890037x00043438.
[30] Martono, D. B., Aditya, T., Subaryono, S., & Nugroho, P. (2021). The Legal Element of Fixing the Boundary for Indonesian Complete Cadastre. Land, 10(1), 49. doi:10.3390/land10010049.
[31] Mimura, N. (2013). Sea-level rise caused by climate change and its implications for society. Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B: Physical and Biological Sciences, 89(7), 281–301. doi:10.2183/pjab.89.281.
[32] Werner, A. D., Bakker, M., Post, V. E. A., Vandenbohede, A., Lu, C., Ataie-Ashtiani, B., Simmons, C. T., & Barry, D. A. (2013). Seawater intrusion processes, investigation and management: Recent advances and future challenges. Advances in Water Resources, 51, 3–26. doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.004.
[33] Langevin, C. D., & Zygnerski, M. (2013). Effect of sea-level rise on salt water intrusion near a coastal well field in Southeastern Florida. Groundwater, 51(5), 781–803. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01008.x.
[34] Knowles, A. K., & Hillier, A. (2008). Placing history: how maps, spatial data, and GIS are changing historical scholarship. ESRI Press, California, United States.
[35] Enemark, S., Bell, K. C., Lemmen, C., & McLaren, R. (2014). Fit-for-purpose land administration. International Federation of Surveyors, Kopenhagen, Denmark.
[36] Huang, B., Zhao, B., & Song, Y. (2018). Urban land-use mapping using a deep convolutional neural network with high spatial resolution multispectral remote sensing imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 214, 73–86. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2018.04.050.
[37] Appeaning Addo, K., Jayson-Quashigah, P. N., Codjoe, S. N. A., & Martey, F. (2018). Drone as a tool for coastal flood monitoring in the Volta Delta, Ghana. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 5(1). doi:10.1186/s40677-018-0108-2.
[38] Clark, D. G., Ford, J. D., & Tabish, T. (2018). What role can unmanned aerial vehicles play in emergency response in the Arctic: A case study from Canada. PLoS ONE, 13(12). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205299.
[39] Zanutta, A., Lambertini, A., & Vittuari, L. (2020). UAV photogrammetry and ground surveys as a mapping tool for quickly monitoring shoreline and beach changes. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8(1). doi:10.3390/JMSE8010052.
[40] Doughty, C. L., & Cavanaugh, K. C. (2019). Mapping coastal wetland biomass from high resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. Remote Sensing, 11(5). doi:10.3390/rs11050540.
[41] Casella, E., Drechsel, J., Winter, C., Benninghoff, M., & Rovere, A. (2020). Accuracy of sand beach topography surveying by drones and photogrammetry. Geo-Marine Letters, 40(2), 255–268. doi:10.1007/s00367-020-00638-8.
[42] Scarelli, F. M., Sistilli, F., Fabbri, S., Cantelli, L., Barboza, E. G., & Gabbianelli, G. (2017). Seasonal dune and beach monitoring using photogrammetry from UAV surveys to apply in the ICZM on the Ravenna coast (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 7, 27–39. doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2017.06.003.
[43] Hiep, N. T., Tanaka, H., & Tinh, N. X. (2021). Morphology recovery of the Abukuma River mouth after the 2011 Tohoku tsunami under the interaction between sand spit and sand terrace. Coastal Engineering Journal, 63(4), 467–484. doi:10.1080/21664250.2021.1937902.
[44] Harwitasari, D., & van Ast, J. A. (2011). Climate change adaptation in practice: People's responses to tidal flooding in Semarang, Indonesia. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 4(3), 216–233. doi:10.1111/j.1753-318X.2011.01104.x.
[45] Bott, L. M., Schöne, T., Illigner, J., Haghshenas Haghighi, M., Gisevius, K., & Braun, B. (2021). Land subsidence in Jakarta and Semarang Bay – The relationship between physical processes, risk perception, and household adaptation. Ocean and Coastal Management, 211(105775). doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105775.
[46] Kirezci, E., Young, I. R., Ranasinghe, R., Muis, S., Nicholls, R. J., Lincke, D., & Hinkel, J. (2020). Projections of global-scale extreme sea levels and resulting episodic coastal flooding over the 21st Century. Scientific Reports, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67736-6.
[47] Kulp, S. A., & Strauss, B. H. (2019). New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding. Nature Communications, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z.
[48] Esteban, M., Takagi, H., Jamero, L., Chadwick, C., Avelino, J. E., Mikami, T., ... Shibayama, T. (2020). Adaptation to sea level rise: Learning from present examples of land subsidence. Ocean & Coastal Management, 189, 104852. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104852.
[49] Abidin, H. Z., Andreas, H., Gumilar, I., Sidiq, T. P., & Fukuda, Y. (2013). Land subsidence in coastal city of Semarang (Indonesia): Characteristics, impacts and causes. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 4(3), 226–240. doi:10.1080/19475705.2012.692336.
[50] Nurhidayah, L. (2021). Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and Its Implication on Human Security and Human Rights in Indonesia: A Legal Analysis. Climate Change Research, Policy and Actions in Indonesia. Springer Climate. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8_3.
[51] Buchori, I., Pramitasari, A., Sugiri, A., Maryono, M., Basuki, Y., & Sejati, A. W. (2018). Adaptation to coastal flooding and inundation: Mitigations and migration pattern in Semarang City, Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management, 163, 445–455. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.07.017.
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